Herbal Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Introduction: Oral mucositis is a painful and dose-limiting toxicity of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Various herbal agents have been investigated for their mucosal-protective properties. This review evaluates the clinical evidence for their use in managing radiation-induced mucositis.

Methods: A systematic literature search identified RCTs comparing herbal interventions (e.g., chamomile, aloe vera, curcumin) to placebo or standard care for the prevention or treatment of oral mucositis in patients receiving radiotherapy.

Results: Eighteen RCTs were included. The evidence was most consistent for chamomile mouthwash, which significantly delayed the onset and reduced the severity of severe mucositis compared to placebo. Honey and curcumin also showed positive effects in single studies, while evidence for aloe vera was conflicting.

Discussion: Certain herbal agents, particularly chamomile, appear to be effective in ameliorating the burden of oral mucositis. Their anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties are likely responsible for the observed benefits.

Conclusion: Chamomile mouthwash is an effective intervention to reduce the severity of radiation-induced oral mucositis.