Monoclonal Antibody for the Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Infants and Children

Abstract

Background: The literature surrounding the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in infants and children has evolved significantly over recent years, focusing on the efficacy of monoclonal antibodies and maternal immunization strategies. Literature Review: Recent studies have proposed maternal immunization as a promising alternative to enhance passive immunity in infants through transplacental antibody transfer (Cai et al., 2019). This approach not only addresses the gap in protection for infants who do not qualify for monoclonal antibody prophylaxis but also has the potential to benefit a larger population. The introduction of novel long-acting monoclonal antibodies, such as nirsevimab, represents a significant advancement in RSV prevention (Voirin et al., 2022). Nirsevimab's extended half-life may improve compliance and efficacy, potentially reducing RSV-related hospitalizations and healthcare costs (Verwey et al., 2024). The comparative analysis of long-acting monoclonal antibodies and maternal vaccines indicates that both interventions could yield substantial health benefits, with the former providing immediate protection for infants (Hodgson et al., 2024). Furthermore, ongoing clinical research focusing on the structural analysis of RSV and its fusion glycoprotein is pivotal in developing effective vaccines and monoclonal antibodies (Gong et al., 2024). The safety and efficacy of nirsevimab in universal prevention programs emphasize its potential for broader application beyond high-risk populations (Consolati et al., 2024). Conclusion: In conclusion, the literature reflects a growing recognition of the importance of monoclonal antibodies and maternal immunization in the prevention of RSV in infants and children. The advancements in long-acting monoclonal antibodies and the exploration of maternal vaccination strategies signal a promising shift in the landscape of RSV prevention. Continued research and evaluation of these interventions are essential for addressing the significant morbidity associated with RSV and improving health outcomes for infants and children globally.