The Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring versus Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Non-Insulin Treated Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Introduction: The benefit of intensive glucose monitoring in non-insulin treated T2DM is debated. This review compares the effects of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) versus traditional self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) on glycemic control in this population.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted for RCTs comparing the use of real-time or intermittent-scan CGM with SMBG in adults with non-insulin treated T2DM. The primary outcome was the change in HbA1c.

Results: The review of six RCTs showed that the use of CGM was associated with a statistically significant, albeit modest, greater reduction in HbA1c compared to SMBG. CGM users also spent more time in the target glucose range and reported higher treatment satisfaction.

Discussion: CGM provides actionable, real-time feedback on the impact of diet and lifestyle on glucose levels, which may empower patients to make more effective self-management decisions. Its utility extends beyond insulin-treated patients.

Conclusion: Continuous glucose monitoring provides modest glycemic benefits and improves quality of life compared to self-monitoring in non-insulin treated T2DM.