The Role of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) in Preventing Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Introduction: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remain distressing side effects for cancer patients despite standard antiemetic prophylaxis. Ginger has been traditionally used as an antiemetic. This meta-analysis evaluates its efficacy as an adjunct therapy for CINV.

Methods: A systematic search of RCTs was performed in MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL. We included placebo-controlled trials where ginger was given as an adjunct to standard antiemetics for patients receiving chemotherapy. The primary outcome was the severity of acute nausea.

Results: The meta-analysis of 14 RCTs showed that ginger supplementation significantly reduced the severity of acute nausea compared to placebo. It also had a smaller, non-significant effect on the incidence of delayed nausea and vomiting. Ginger was well-tolerated with no major side effects reported.

Discussion: Ginger is a safe and effective adjunct for controlling acute CINV, particularly nausea, which is often poorly controlled by standard 5-HT3 antagonists. Its mechanism is thought to involve both central and peripheral actions.

Conclusion: Adjunctive use of ginger is an effective, evidence-based strategy to help manage chemotherapy-induced nausea.