The Efficacy of Garlic (Allium sativum) Supplementation for Blood Pressure Reduction: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Abstract

Introduction: Garlic is a widely used culinary and medicinal herb, with a reputation for cardiovascular benefits. This meta-analysis aims to quantify the effect of garlic supplementation on blood pressure in hypertensive individuals.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL for placebo-controlled RCTs that evaluated the effect of garlic preparations on SBP and DBP in hypertensive adults. A random-effects model was used for analysis.

Results: The meta-analysis of 20 RCTs demonstrated that garlic supplementation produced a clinically significant reduction in SBP and DBP compared to placebo. The effect was more pronounced in individuals with higher baseline blood pressure.

Discussion: The hypotensive effect of garlic is attributed to its organosulfur compounds, which promote vasodilation by increasing the production of nitric oxide. Aged garlic extract was among the most effective formulations.

Conclusion: Garlic supplementation is an effective and well-tolerated approach for lowering blood pressure in hypertensive individuals.