The Efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulas in Treating Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) utilizes multi-herb formulas to slow its progression. This review evaluates the efficacy of TCM as an adjunct therapy for DN.

Methods: We searched English and Chinese databases for RCTs comparing TCM formulas plus conventional therapy (e.g., ACE inhibitors) against conventional therapy alone. Primary outcomes were urinary protein excretion and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Results: The meta-analysis of 30 RCTs showed that the combination therapy was significantly more effective in reducing 24-hour urinary protein excretion and slowing the decline of eGFR compared to conventional therapy alone. The formulas often contained Astragalus membranaceus.

Discussion: TCM formulas appear to protect renal function in DN through anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and antioxidant mechanisms, offering benefits beyond those of standard renin-angiotensin system blockade.

Conclusion: Adjunctive treatment with specific Traditional Chinese Medicine formulas can improve renal outcomes in patients with diabetic nephropathy.